截至2021年，我国城市道路里程达56.9万公里，大中城市路网密度达到每平方公里4公里以上，交通聚集、路挤车密。城市隧道作为路网关键节点，畅通保障极为关键。针对城市隧道交通、结构与环境复杂条件，研发运营隧道风险在线获取、智能评估、事前防控、快速诊处的管控体系需求迫切、意义深远。

多学科综合研究 破解隧道风控难题

该项目针对城市隧道交通流密集、周边扰动易发频发、节点灾病加剧问题、社会影响成倍放大的服役安全典型风险特征，从城市隧道服役安全风险评估理论，城市隧道交通、结构智能感知装备，城市隧道结构损伤快速修缮技术与城市隧道服役风险集成管控平台四方面入手，采用理论分析、数值模拟、室内外试验和工程验证等多种研究手段，通过“交通+机器视觉”、人工智能多学科融合，解决城市隧道服役安全典型风险评估理论与防控关键技术难题，建立集感知、评估、诊断、防控于一体的理论、技术、装备与平台体系，工程应用效果显著，前景广阔。

开发集成平台 实现在线智能管控

该项目从“交通-结构-环境”的角度切入，提出了基于隐患和保障双因素模型的交通运行风险评估方法、隧道本体结构损伤量化计算与服役安全评估方法、基于强度折减法的近接隧道环境安全影响分区评价方法，构建了城市隧道风险评估体系。

该项目研发了运营隧道交通组成和危险车辆风险识别与跟踪监测装备、运营隧道拱墙结构损伤巡检机器人、运营隧道仰拱结构无损检测机器人等智能装备，实现了城市隧道交通状态与结构损伤安全风险的实时在线智能感知。

该项目提出了预防护、创微修缮、快速修复不同等级风险控制目标，研发了短锚微创修缮风险防控技术、波纹钢套拱快速加固风险控制技术，实现了不同等级结构损伤风险的快速高效处治应用。

同时项目建立了基于网络爬虫技术自动更新的风险知识库、宏观信息与单体状态融合的城市隧道运营数据库，开发了集感知、评估、诊断、处治为一体的城市隧道服役安全风险防控集成平台，实现了运营安全风险的在线智能管控。

该项目研究成果已在重庆、四川、福建等省市成功应用，获授权发明专利40项、软件著作权8项，主编参编行业标准6部、地方标准1部，出版专著5部，发表论文94篇，其中高水平论文50余篇，经济社会效益显著，推广应用前景广阔。

提升隧道安全服务水平 降本创效超5亿

通过对隧道运营风险的在线辨识、动态评估和预警、微扰预防控制等方法实现了城市隧道衬砌结构、外部环境和运营风险的智能管控，为我国城市隧道的安全运营和交通功能的有效发挥提供有力保障，提升城市隧道服务水平与品质，促进隧道韧性运维、防灾减灾、智能检监测等防灾减灾新材料、新技术、新产品等相关学科发展，推动城市隧道韧性建设与管养技

术进步。

该项目研究成果自2017年开始推广应用于重庆刘家台隧道、曾家岩隧道、千厮门隧道，厦门第二西通道海沧隧道等多个城市核心区数十座隧道工程，实现了科学运营管控，降低了运养成本，累计取得经济效益约5.3亿元。除此之外，该项目课题研究成果的应用还可降低隧道运营安全事故发生，降低城市隧道全寿命周期内的运营和养护成本，提升隧道通行能力与延长服役时间，间接经济效益显著。

Safeguard Urban Tunnels

Text by China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd. 

As of 2021, China had a network of urban roads with a length of 569,000 kilometers, and the density of road networks in large and medium-sized cities exceeded four kilometers per square kilometer. It is vital to ensure the unimpeded operation of urban tunnels, which are a critical node of the road network. In view of the complex urban tunnel traffic, structure and environment, it is of great urgency and far-reaching importance to develop a management and control system for online acquisition of risks on operating tunnels, intelligent assessment, pre-event prevention, and rapid diagnosis and handling. 

Multidisciplinary comprehensive research to solve problems in tunnel risk control 

In view of the typical risk characteristics of safe service including urban tunnels with heavy traffic, frequent peripheral disturbances, aggravated disasters and diseases at node points, and multiplied social impact, the project focuses on the four areas of the theory of safety risk assessment of urban tunnel service, intelligent perception equipment for urban tunnel traffic and structure, technology for rapid repair of urban tunnel structural damage, and integrated risk management and control platform for urban tunnel service. Through the multidisciplinary integration of “traffic plus machine vision” and artificial intelligence, the project used a variety of research means such as theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, indoor and outdoor tests as well as engineering verification to solve the key technical problems facing typical risk assessment theory as well as prevention and control for safe urban tunnel service, and established theory, technology, equipment and platform system integrating perception, assessment, diagnosis, prevention and control. The project achieved remarkable engineering results with broad prospects. 

Develop an integrated platform to realize online intelligent control

From the perspective of “traffic-structure-environment”, this project adopted traffic operation risk assessment method based on the two-factor model of hazard and support, a method for quantitative calculation of structural damage to tunnel body and service safety assessment, and a zoning evaluation method for safety impact of proximity tunnel environment based on strength reduction method, and established an urban tunnel risk assessment system.  

The project team developed intelligent equipment such as equipment for operating tunnel traffic composition as well as dangerous vehicle risk identification, tracking and monitoring, patrol robots for inspecting arch wall structure damage of operating tunnels, and robots for non-destructive inspection of inverted arch structure of operating tunnels, which realize real-time online intelligent perception of traffic status of urban tunnels and safety risks caused by structural damage.

The project team set the risk control objectives of different levels for preventive protection, minimally invasive repair and rapid repair, and developed the risk prevention and control technology for short bolt-based minimally invasive repair and the risk control technology for rapid reinforcement of corrugated steel umbrella arch, realizing the rapid and efficient treatment of structural damage risks at different levels.

At the same time, the project team established a risk knowledge base based on web crawler technology, and the urban tunnel operation database integrating macro information and single state, and developed a platform for risk prevention and control for urban tunnel service safety integrating perception, assessment, diagnosis and handling, thereby realizing online intelligent management and control of operational risks.

The research results have been applied to projects in Chongqing, Sichuan, Fujian and other provinces and cities. The project team has obtained 40 authorized invention patents and 8 pieces of software copyrights, participated in the compilation of six pieces of industry standards and one piece of local standard as the editor-in-chief or editor, published five monographs and 94 papers, including over 50 high-level papers. The project results generate significant economic and social benefits, with broad prospects for application.

Improve service level for tunnel safety, reduce costs and create value in excess of 500 million yuan

The project realized the intelligent management and control of urban tunnel lining structure, external environment and operational risks by means of the online identification of tunnel operation risks, dynamic assessment and early warning, micro-perturbation prevention and control, which provide strong support for the safe operation of urban tunnels and the effective utilization of traffic functions in China, improve the service level and quality of urban tunnels, promote the development of new materials, new technologies, and new products for resilient tunnel operation & maintenance, disaster prevention and mitigation, intelligent inspection and monitoring, and promote technological progress in resilient urban tunnel construction as well as management and maintenance. 

Since 2017, the research results of this project have been applied to dozens of tunnel projects in the heart of many cities such as Liujiatai Tunnel, Zengjiayan Tunnel, and Qianjiamen Tunnel in Chongqing, and Haicang Tunnel of Second West Channel in Xiamen. These have realized scientific operation and control, cut operation and maintenance costs, and generated economic benefits totaling about 530 million yuan. Moreover, the application of the research results can also reduce the occurrence of accidents of tunnel operation safety, cut the costs of operation and maintenance of urban tunnels throughout the life cycle, enhance tunnel traffic capacity and service life, and generate significant indirect economic benefits.